FRONT INTENSIFICATION BY JET CROSSING - TYPICAL APPEARANCE IN VERTICAL CROSS SECTIONS

by ZAMG


The isentropes of the equivalent potential temperature show a Cold Front - like crowding zone, which often can be separated into two parts: a surface and an upper level Cold Front. The surface front generally is more pronounced in the cross section than the upper level front.

The field of vorticity advection is characterized by small values of NVA within the area of the surface front up to about 700 hPa. Above 700 hPa within the whole frontal area PVA can be found. The values of PVA are continuously increasing from approximately 700 hPa up to the jet level, which is situated at approximately 300 hPa. The maximum of PVA can be found between 350 and 250 hPa in front of the crowding zone of the isentropes, which is above the surface cold front.

The maximum of the isotachs should be found in the ideal case upstream from the PVA maximum, but according to the course of the cross section and the stage of development it can also be close to the PVA maximum.

The satellite image has in the area of Jet Intensification in the VIS, IR and WV images high pixel values, indicating multilevel cloudiness (see Cloud structure in satellite image ). The difference in the grey shades between the area of Front Intensification by Jet Crossing and surrounding areas is much more pronounced in the IR image than in the WV image.

17 May 1995/06.00 UTC - Meteosat IR image; position of vertical cross section indicated
17 May 1995/06.00 UTC - Vertical cross section; black: isentropes (ThetaE), green thick: vorticity advection - PVA, green thin: vorticity advection - NVA, orange thin: IR pixel values, orange thick: WV pixel values
17 May 1995/06.00 UTC - Vertical cross section; black: isentropes (ThetaE), yellow: isotachs, orange thin: IR pixel values, orange thick: WV pixel values
Compare also Cloud structure in satellite image, where the cross section is indicated in the image. The equivalent potential temperature shows a frontal zone which is well developed in the upper levels.
Top: The PVA maximum and highest IR and WV signals coincide perfectly around 45N/10E.
Bottom: The isotach maximum is situated upstream of the PVA maximum above the crowding zone of the equivalent potential temperature around 44N/01E.

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